High Impedance Fault Detection in Distribution Feeder Based on Spectrum Analysis and ANN with Non-Linear Load

Mohammed Naisan Allawi; Ali Nasser Hussain; Mousa K. Wali; Daniel Augusto Pereira

doi:10.51173/jt.v6i2.1320

Authors

Mohammed Naisan Allawi Electrical Engineering Technical College, Middle Technical University, Baghdad, Iraq.
Ali Nasser Hussain Electrical Engineering Technical College, Middle Technical University, Baghdad, Iraq.
Mousa K. Wali Electrical Engineering Technical College, Middle Technical University, Baghdad, Iraq.
Daniel Augusto Pereira Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, Brazil

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51173/jt.v6i2.1320

Keywords:

Frequency Spectrum, Fast Fourier Transform, Artificial Neural Network, PSD, Distribution Feeder, High Impedance Fault

Abstract

High Impedance Fault (HIF) detection in distribution networks is challenging for protection engineers, mainly because HIFs possess unique characteristics, including non-linearity, asymmetry, randomness, and relatively low fault current levels compared to the feeder load current. In this regard, the study proposes an approach to detect HIFs in a radial distribution feeder based on the spectrum analysis of current signals at the substation bus. The proposed method comprises two stages: signal decomposition and feature extraction. Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) is utilized for signal decomposition, followed by feature extraction. These features are subsequently used as input to an artificial neural network (ANN) to distinguish HIF from non-HIF events, such as linear and non-linear load switching, capacitor bank switching, and transformer energization. The proposed method's efficacy is rigorously evaluated under various dynamic conditions, demonstrating that the method can detect and differentiate HIFs from non-fault events with a high detection rate and high accuracy of 99.3%, irrespective of the HIF location and fault resistance.

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Author Biographies

Mohammed Naisan Allawi, Electrical Engineering Technical College, Middle Technical University, Baghdad, Iraq.

Ali Nasser Hussain, Electrical Engineering Technical College, Middle Technical University, Baghdad, Iraq.

Mousa K. Wali, Electrical Engineering Technical College, Middle Technical University, Baghdad, Iraq.

Daniel Augusto Pereira, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, Brazil

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