Design and Implementation of a Healthcare Monitoring System Based on LoRa

Hayder Fadhil Jawad; Ali Al-Askery; Adnan Hussein Ali

doi:10.51173/jt.v4i4.792

Authors

Hayder Fadhil Jawad Electrical Engineering Technical College, Middle Technical University, Baghdad, Iraq.
Ali Al-Askery Electrical Engineering Technical College, Middle Technical University, Baghdad, Iraq.
Adnan Hussein Ali Institute of Technology / Baghdad, Middle Technical University, Baghdad, Iraq

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51173/jt.v4i4.792

Keywords:

LoRa, HealthCare Station, MAX30100, MLX90614

Abstract

For humans to survive, scientific and technological advancements must be able to contribute to the solution of human medical issues. The design and implementation of a monitoring system for the measurement of blood oxygen saturation, heart rate, and body temperature have been combined into one tool in this study. The measurement results are shown both on the measuring instrument's OLED display and a remote monitoring system's LCD display. This instrument uses ESP32 as a Microcontroller and LoRa as a wireless communication technique. The MLX90614 sensor is used to detect body temperature, while the MAX30100 sensor is used to monitor blood oxygen saturation and heart rate. Testing Measurements are calibrated using instruments that meet industrial standards (Wincom infrared thermometer and GE patient monitor) used in the hospital. When compared to industry-standard instruments, the tool's accuracy is 98.18% for measurements of blood oxygen saturation, 96.54 % for measurements of heart rate, and 98.78 % for measurements of body temperature. The instrument's total accuracy, calculated as the average of all three factors, was 97.63 %. If the abnormalities in the recorded parameters are detected, then an alert will be triggered (buzzer and blinking LED). this instrument can help the patients to check their health status and provide remote monitoring of health providers.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

S. Chandra Mukhopadhyay, “Wearable Sensors for Human Activity Monitoring,” IEEE Sensors Journal, vol. 15, no. 3. pp. 1321–1330, 2015.

B. Sundara, K. C. Sarvepalli, and S. H. Davuluri, “GSM Based patient monitoring system in NICU,” IJRET Int. J. Res. Eng. Technol., vol. 2, no. 07, 2013.

S. Majumder, T. Mondal, and M. J. Deen, “Wearable sensors for remote health monitoring,” Sensors (Switzerland), vol. 17, no. 1. 2017, doi: 10.3390/s17010130.

D. Dias and J. P. S. Cunha, “Wearable health devices—vital sign monitoring, systems and technologies,” Sensors (Switzerland), vol. 18, no. 8. 2018, doi: 10.3390/s18082414.

C. Rotariu, H. Costin, G. Andruseac, R. Ciobotariu, and F. Adochiei, “An integrated system for wireless monitoring of chronic patients and elderly people,” in 15th International Conference on System Theory, Control and Computing, 2011, pp. 1–4.

T. Tamura, Y. Maeda, M. Sekine, and M. Yoshida, “Wearable photoplethysmographic sensors—past and present,” Electronics, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 282–302, 2014.

R. Sameh, M. Genedy, A. Abdeldayem, and M. H. Abdel Azeem, “Design and Implementation of an SPO2 Based Sensor for Heart Monitoring Using an Android Application,” in Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2020, vol. 1447, no. 1, doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/1447/1/012004.

C. Rotariu and V. Manta, “Wireless system for remote monitoring of oxygen saturation and heart rate,” 2012 Federated Conference on Computer Science and Information Systems, FedCSIS 2012. pp. 193–196, 2012.

L. Giovangrandi, O. T. Inan, D. Banerjee, and G. T. A. Kovacs, “Preliminary results from BCG and ECG measurements in the heart failure clinic,” in 2012 Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 2012, pp. 3780–3783.

Mayo Clinic Staff, “Fever: First aid - Mayo Clinic,” Mayo Clinic, 2019. https://www.mayoclinic.org/first-aid/first-aid-fever/basics/art-20056685 (accessed Aug. 10, 2022).

E. A. Suprayitno, M. R. Marlianto, and M. I. Mauliana, “Measurement device for detecting oxygen saturation in blood, heart rate, and temperature of human body,” in Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2019, vol. 1402, no. 3, doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/1402/3/033110.

M. J. Buller, W. J. Tharion, R. W. Hoyt, and O. C. Jenkins, “Estimation of human internal temperature from wearable physiological sensors,” 2010.

E. Gaura, J. Kemp, and J. Brusey, “Leveraging knowledge from physiological data: On-body heat stress risk prediction with sensor networks,” IEEE Trans. Biomed. Circuits Syst., vol. 7, no. 6, pp. 861–870, 2013.

V. R. Parihar, A. Y. Tonge, and P. D. Ganorkar, “Heartbeat and Temperature Monitoring System for Remote Patients using Arduino,” International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Science, vol. 4, no. 5. pp. 55–58, 2017, doi: 10.22161/ijaers.4.5.10.

A. N. Costrada, A. G. Arifah, I. D. Putri, I. K. A. Sara Sawita, H. Harmadi, and M. Djamal, “Design of Heart Rate, Oxygen Saturation, and Temperature Monitoring System for Covid-19 Patient Based on Internet of Things (IoT),” J. ILMU Fis. | Univ. ANDALAS, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 54–63, 2022, doi: 10.25077/jif.14.1.54-63.2022.

M. A. Pertiwi, I. D. Gede Hari Wisana, T. Triwiyanto, and S. Sukaphat, “Measurement of Heart Rate, and Body Temperature Based on Android Platform,” Indonesian Journal of electronics, electromedical engineering, and medical informatics, vol. 2, no. 1. pp. 26–33, 2020, doi: 10.35882/ijeeemi.v2i1.6.

R. K. Kodali, S. Yerroju, and B. Y. Krishna Yogi, “IoT Based Wearable Device for Workers in Industrial Scenarios,” IEEE Region 10 Annual International Conference, Proceedings/TENCON, vol. 2018-Octob. pp. 1893–1898, 2019, doi: 10.1109/TENCON.2018.8650187.

Pras, “How pulse oximeters work explained simply,” 2021. https://www.howequipmentworks.com/pulse_oximeter/ (accessed Jul. 07, 2022).

“WIFI LoRa 32 (V2) – Heltec Automation.” https://heltec.org/project/wifi-lora-32/ (accessed Jul. 07, 2022).

“Amazon.com: MakerFocus ESP32 LoRa 32 (V2), ESP32 Development Board W I F I Bluet ooth LoRa Dual Core 240MHz CP2102 with 0.96inch OLED Display Included 868/915MHZ Antenna for Smart Cities, Smart Farms, Smart Home : Electronics.” https://www.amazon.com/MakerFocus-Development-Bluetooth-0-96inch-Display/dp/B076MSLFC9 (accessed Aug. 10, 2022).

“B40 Patient Monitor | Patient Monitoring | GE Healthcare (United Kingdom).” https://www.gehealthcare.co.uk/products/patient-monitoring/patient-monitors/b40-patient-monitor (accessed Aug. 10, 2022).

M. S. Islam, M. T. Islam, A. F. Almutairi, G. K. Beng, N. Misran, and N. Amin, “Monitoring of the human body signal through the Internet of Things (IoT) based LoRa wireless network system,” Appl. Sci., vol. 9, no. 9, 2019, doi: 10.3390/app9091884.

M. M. Ali, S. Haxha, M. M. Alam, C. Nwibor, and M. Sakel, "Design of Internet of Things (IoT) and Android Based Low Cost Health Monitoring Embedded System Wearable Sensor for Measuring SpO2, Heart Rate, and Body Temperature Simultaneously," Wirel. Pers. Commun., vol. 111, no. 4, pp. 2449–2463, 2020, doi: 10.1007/s11277-019-06995-7.

U. Gogate and J. Bakal, “Healthcare monitoring system based on wireless sensor network for cardiac patients,” Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal, vol. 11, no. 3. pp. 1681–1688, 2018, doi: 10.13005/bpj/1537.

M. M. Islam, A. Rahaman, and M. R. Islam, “Development of Smart Healthcare Monitoring System in IoT Environment,” SN Comput. Sci., vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 1–11, 2020, doi: 10.1007/s42979-020-00195-y.

M. Nosrati and N. Tavassolian, “High-Accuracy Heart Rate Variability Monitoring Using Doppler Radar Based on Gaussian Pulse Train Modeling and FTPR Algorithm,” IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., vol. 66, no. 1, pp. 556–567, 2018, doi: 10.1109/TMTT.2017.2721407.

A. Ngu, Y. Wu, H. Zare, A. Polican, B. Yarbrough, and L. Yao, “Fall detection using smartwatch sensor data with accessor architecture,” Lect. Notes Comput. Sci. (including Subser. Lect. Notes Artif. Intell. Lect. Notes Bioinformatics), vol. 10347 LNCS, pp. 81–93, 2017, doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-67964-8_8.

A. Mdhaffar, T. Chaari, K. Larbi, M. Jmaiel, and B. Freisleben, “IoT-based health monitoring via LoRaWAN,” 17th IEEE Int. Conf. Smart Technol. EUROCON 2017 - Conf. Proc., no. July, pp. 519–524, 2017, doi: 10.1109/EUROCON.2017.8011165.

U. Ijaz, U. Ameer, H. Tarar, A. Ilyas, and A. Ijaz, “E-health acquistion, transmission & monitoring system,” Proc. 2017 2nd Work. Recent Trends Telecommun. Res. RTTR 2017, pp. 0–3, 2017, doi: 10.1109/RTTR.2017.7887868.

R. Prakash, A. B. Ganesh, and S. V. Girish, “Cooperative wireless network control based health and activity monitoring system,” J. Med. Syst., vol. 40, no. 10, 2016, doi: 10.1007/s10916-016-0576-4.

G. López, V. Custodio, and J. I. Moreno, “LOBIN: E-textile and wireless-sensor-network-based platform for healthcare monitoring in future hospital environments,” IEEE Trans. Inf. Technol. Biomed., vol. 14, no. 6, pp. 1446–1458, 2010, doi: 10.1109/TITB.2010.2058812.

G. B. Tayeh, J. Azar, A. Makhoul, C. Guyeux, and J. Demerjian, “A Wearable LoRa-Based Emergency System for Remote Safety Monitoring,” 2020 Int. Wirel. Commun. Mob. Comput. IWCMC 2020, pp. 120–125, 2020, doi: 10.1109/IWCMC48107.2020.9148359.

F. Wu, T. Wu, and M. R. Yuce, “An internet-of-things (IoT) network system for connected safety and health monitoring applications,” Sensors (Switzerland), vol. 19, no. 1, 2019, doi: 10.3390/s19010021.

F. Wu, J. M. Redoute, and M. R. Yuce, “WE-safe: A self-powered wearable IoT sensor network for safety applications based on lora,” IEEE Access, vol. 6, pp. 40846–40853, 2018, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2018.2859383.

F. Wu, C. Qiu, T. Wu, and M. R. Yuce, “Edge-Based Hybrid System Implementation for Long-Range Safety and Healthcare IoT Applications,” IEEE Internet Things J., vol. 8, no. 12, pp. 9970–9980, 2021, doi: 10.1109/JIOT.2021.3050445.