Innovative Fabrication Techniques of Superhydrophobic Coatings for Corrosion Protection of Magnesium Alloy (AZ31): A Review

Zainab Sabah Abbas; Hassan Abdulrssoul Abdulhadi; Nabil Kadhim Taieh; Xiaoli Xie; Guangjun Gou; Xi Liu

doi:10.51173/jt.v7i3.2699

Authors

Zainab Sabah Abbas Department of Materials Engineering, Engineering Technical College - Baghdad, Middle Technical University, Baghdad, Iraq
Hassan Abdulrssoul Abdulhadi Technical Instructors Training Institute, Middle Technical University, Baghdad, Iraq
Nabil Kadhim Taieh Department of Materials Engineering, Engineering Technical College - Baghdad, Middle Technical University, Baghdad, Iraq
Xiaoli Xie School of Materials and Chemistry, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan, China
Guangjun Gou School of Materials and Chemistry, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan, China
Xi Liu School of Automotive Engineering, Chengdu Aeronautic Polytechnic, Chengau, 610106, China

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51173/jt.v7i3.2699

Keywords:

Magnesium Alloy, Corrosion Resistance, Superhydrophobic Coatings

Abstract

Magnesium alloys, especially AZ31, are widely used as substitutes for plastic, aluminum, and steel due to their low weight and high mechanical performance. These properties make them a key subject of research and a preferred material in many engineering applications, magnesium earning the title of “Green Engineering Material of the 21st Century”. Despite these advantages, their high chemical and electrochemical reactivity cause rapid corrosion when exposed to humid, marine, and chemical environments, leading to structural degradation, increased maintenance costs, and reduced service life in industrial use. To address this limitation, recent research has focused on surface modifications, particularly the development of superhydrophobic (SHP) coatings as a practical, cost-effective solution to enhance corrosion resistance. These coatings reduce contact with corrosive media by combining hierarchical structures with low surface energy materials. This review summarizes the basic principles of wettability and theoretical wetting models, then presents recent advances in SHP coatings for AZ31 alloys. It focuses on standard fabrication methods for developing micro/nano structuring and low surface energy treatments, including hydrothermal synthesis, electrochemical deposition, laser treatment, spraying coating, chemical etching, and micro-arc oxidation. Finally, the paper outlines key challenges and proposes future research directions for improving the corrosion protection of magnesium alloys.

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Author Biographies

Zainab Sabah Abbas, Department of Materials Engineering, Engineering Technical College - Baghdad, Middle Technical University, Baghdad, Iraq

Master's student-Department of Materials Engineering

Hassan Abdulrssoul Abdulhadi, Technical Instructors Training Institute, Middle Technical University, Baghdad, Iraq

Nabil Kadhim Taieh, Department of Materials Engineering, Engineering Technical College - Baghdad, Middle Technical University, Baghdad, Iraq

Doctor, Head, Department of Materials Engineering

Xiaoli Xie, School of Materials and Chemistry, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan, China

Doctor, Associate Professor,

Guangjun Gou, School of Materials and Chemistry, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan, China

Southwest jiaotong University

Xi Liu, School of Automotive Engineering, Chengdu Aeronautic Polytechnic, Chengau, 610106, China

Automotive Engineering

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